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Kudumbashree (Malayalam:കുടുംബശ്രീ) is a female-oriented, community-based, poverty reduction project of the government of Kerala. Kerala is an Indian state lying in the south-west part of the Indian subcontinent, where many development experiments are being tested, refined and implemented. The mission aims at the empowerment of women, through forming self-help groups and encouraging their entrepreneurial or other wide range of activities. The purpose of the mission is to ensure that the women should no longer remain as passive recipients of public assistance, but active leaders in women-involved development initiatives. Kudumbashree movement was launched on May 17, 1998. The formal function was chaired by the then Local Administration Minister Paloli Mohammed Kutty at Kottakkunnu in Malappuram where Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee performed the formal launching of the program.〔Annual Report of Kudumbashree Mission 1998-9〕 ''Kudumbashree'' means ''prosperity of the family'' in Malayalam, the language spoken in Kerala. == Women in Kerala == Kerala is a state with several achievements in the social development of women and in the balance of gender status has stabilised in many fronts, the details of which are available from the government website on (Kerala Women ) * Kerala has a high female literacy rate of 86.2%, a low infant mortality rate (IMR) of 13 (against the national average of 80) a favourable sex ratio of 1032 female/1000 male, low maternal mortality rate (MMR) 0.8/1000 and a high life expectancy of 74 female/70 male. However, the absence of women in the public domain remains as a paradox of the Kerala model of development. * The economic marginalisation of women in the development process has drawn considerable attention during recent years. While the female work participation rate in India increased from 19.7% to 22.7% between 1981 and 1991, in Kerala the ratio declined from 16.6% to 15.9% during the same period. The incidence of unemployment among females in the State is higher than that among males by 5 times in rural areas and 3 times in urban areas. Unemployment in Kerala is severe and is estimated to be 3 times larger than of India. * The gender-oriented division of labour has resulted in the concentration of women in low paying unorganized sectors such as agricultural labour, cottage and traditional industries and selected service sectors. Despite the powerful trade union movements, equal wages for equal work still remains a mirage and gender discrimination at the work place is widely prevalent. * The marginalisation of women in the economic process and lack of control over resources have been major impediments in improving the status of women. * The violence against women and incidence of sexual harassment continue to increase (number of registered crimes increased from 1862 in 1991 to 4937 in 1996). * Despite the general progressive political environment in the state, active involvement of women in various leadership levels is low. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kudumbashree」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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